The Nervous System

The nervous system is the body’s communication network, transmitting signals between different parts of the body and the brain. It is divided into two major parts: the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which connects the CNS to the rest of the body.

Through billions of neurons, the nervous system regulates body functions, from voluntary movements to involuntary actions such as breathing and heartbeat.

Blood Vessels

Blood vessels form an extensive network that transports blood throughout the human body. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart, while veins return oxygen-depleted blood back to the heart. Capillaries, the smallest vessels, enable the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between blood and tissues.

Healthy blood vessels are essential for maintaining proper circulation, delivering nutrients, and protecting organs from disease.

The Central Circulatory System

The central circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system, consists of the heart and major blood vessels. Its main function is to pump and direct blood flow, ensuring oxygen and nutrients reach every cell in the body while removing carbon dioxide and metabolic waste.

Working closely with the nervous system, the circulatory system maintains balance, regulates blood pressure, and adapts to the body’s changing needs during rest, activity, or stress.